In this article we extend a WordNet structure with relations linking synsets to Desikan’s brain regions. Based on lexicographer files and WordNet Domains the mapping goes from synset semantic categories to behavioural and cognitive functions and then directly to brain lobes. A human brain connectome (HBC) adjacency matrix was utilised to capture transition probabilities between brain regions. We evaluated the new structure in several tasks related to semantic similarity and emotion processing using brain-expanded Princeton WordNet (207k LUs) and Polish WordNet (285k LUs, 30k annotated with valence, arousal and 8 basic emotions). A novel HBC vector representation turned out to be significantly better than proposed baselines. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306457321000388
Emotion analysis is the primary (next to sentiment and emotional arousal analysis, of course) function of the science-based Sentimenti tools we have been developing for many years. With the new year our solution has grown in value and can handle perfectly not only Polish but also seventeen other languages. The following study proves that we do it with almost equal efficiency.
Many languages, one tool. Sentimenti already handles 18 languages
In a summary posted on our blog at the beginning of 2021, specifically on January 4, we reported on new challenges. The Sentimenti team has not settled on its laurels and is working hard to develop and improve the tools. The result? We can now analyze large collections of texts in… 18 languages! However, in order to prove (not only to ourselves) that we are doing this effectively, we decided to analyze one solid text translated into many languages, and then check the emotions, sentiment and emotional arousal it contains.
To raise the bar for our tools, we took a rather funny and often sarcasm-laden text. These requirements were met perfectly by the content of Maysoon Zayid’s speech during TEDWomen in December 2013. Zayid is a writer, actress, comedian and co-founder of New York’s Arab-American Comedy Festival. Read/watch the entire piece below, or: HERE.
Thanks to the analysis with Sentimenti tools of the content of the speech in Polish, English, German and Spanish it has been confirmed that the results of the intensity of emotions are very similar. This proves high effectiveness. But that is not all! Our systems perfectly detected sarcasm and irony contained in the speech, which at times was indeed not lacking.
Emotion analysis versus sarcasm, humor, and irony. How effective?
“I have infantile cerebral palsy. I shake all the time.” – informs the recipient Maysoon Zayid at the very beginning of her unusual, comical speech. The content of her speech is not only sarcasm, humor and irony. Above all, the writer does it with great grace. As an aside, it is worth mentioning that her speech is mainly dedicated to the fact that each of us can do anything if we want to.
She herself has walked the red carpet, starred in a movie with Adam Sandler and worked with many other artists. She has also traveled the world, and the number of things she does every day would put many a healthy person to shame.
Returning to the analysis, however, the content study thus confirmed all the theses posed in the introduction. The percentage of positive sentiment, as well as the sum of the percentages of positive versus negative emotions, are higher. The text emotionally aroused mainly with positive emotions. The emotive data (on the scale), in turn, indicated the actual emotions evoked in the viewer.
This happened despite the strongly humorous style of speech throughout the speech. The emotion analysis and its results in the aforementioned languages are very similar to each other. The subtle differences (which we show in the graph below) between them are more due to the varying verbal volume of the same (in semantic terms) sentences. These differences did not exceed the value of 3%.
One content, multiple languages. For what purpose?
Analysis of emotion, sentiment, and emotional arousal in content has wide applications. Studying the same qualitative parameters in content in multiple languages offers even more possibilities. It is not only the analysis of web publications, extensive excerpts from books or magazines or chats with customers. Thanks to multilingual analysis we have an opportunity to get to know the attitude of the Internet towards various issues without language barrier.
The Internet is a huge space where people share opinions about everything. Internet users comment on practically every topic no matter where they are from. Therefore, we cannot remain indifferent to the potential that lies dormant here. Development of tools to analyze new languages is simply a market requirement.
Monitoring the Internet is a necessity and daily work for many companies, and researching emotions, sentiment and excitement on many markets (not only Polish) gives even more information without which it is difficult to do business.
Sentimenti tools have many applications in various fields – from e-commerce to politics, from image crisis research to customer experience. It’s also an excellent, already multilingual, research tool for various types of studies.
Additional perks? Sentimenti’s tools “read” data as if it were being done by the 20,000+ people who participated in Sentimenti’s research and creation. They also do it much faster than a manual survey. Explore our OFFER.
Cyberpunk 2077 has already premiered, and the emotions surrounding this event are extreme. The inspiration for this comparative analysis came from the comments surrounding a post made by Michał Sadowski, the creator of BRAND24, on his private Facebook profile. The entry refers to the reception of the game by Internet users. Our attention was drawn in particular to comments regarding the use by investors of sentiment as an analytical tool.
Cyberpunk 2077 and CD Projekt share price. Sentiment analysis a tool for investors?
Generally available media monitoring tools offer automatic sentiment analysis (quantitative) as standard. However, we should ask ourselves whether we can infer changes in emotions on the basis of such analysis? If the opinion was negative, how negative? Is it possible to draw conclusions about measurable parameters on the basis of such an analysis? Such a parameter is undoubtedly the price (course) of shares. But based on such a chart, was it possible to predict what would happen to the share price of CD Projekt?
Sentiment analysis indicates that there was a significant predominance of positive sentiment over negative sentiment (quantitatively) during the period 7-14 December 2020. Would this indicate that such sentiment was confirmed by the upward trend in the price of CD Projekt shares listed on the WSE? Below we present the share price chart for this company (creator of Cyberpunk 2077) during the corresponding period.
The share price chart shows the opposite situation from the sentiment chart. During the period in question (7-14 December 2020), CD Projekt’s share price recorded a significant decline, but the predominance of positive over negative sentiment visible in the tool did not indicate this at all.
Emotion analysis. Could you have predicted the stock market trend?
The answer is yes! Analyzing the intensity of the eight basic emotions (not sentiment) it was clear that two in particular stood out during this period. These were anger and trust. By observing the correlation between them we could see a specific trend behavior. We have additionally marked two key moments on the chart.
A 30% drop in the price of CD Projekt shares was recorded between December 7 and 12, 2020. Moreover, the period from December 17 to 19 last year saw another, this time 17%, price decline. It was during these time periods that the maximum divergence (i.e. the maximum difference in intensity) of the emotions ANGER and CONFIDENCE occurred.
The intensity of anger reached its maximum values with a simultaneous downward trend in the intensity of trust. What conclusion can be drawn from this? First of all the conclusion is that it was not the level of sentiment that signaled foreseeable drops of the company’s share prices. It was the emotions themselves, and more specifically the observation of changes in their intensity during a key moment for the company.
The analyzed case of the Cyberpunk 2077 game was a very simple case study for emotion analysis. It was accompanied by a huge information noise caused by the game’s release. The emotion analysis used in the SentiStocks tool therefore allows for very precise price predictions of various financial instruments. Therefore, its use can be a real support for investors in their decisions, and it can often help predict potential image crises.
At this occasion it is worth mentioning about even 85% effectiveness of emotion measurement in predicting the price of e.g. Bitcoin. Our tools perfectly cope with this. You can read more about this topic HERE.
Sanah is an artist who is more and more widely known in Poland. In many reviews we can read that she is extraordinary, a true perfectionist and a real revelation on our music scene. It is enough to read the comments under her recordings on YouTube to notice how many emotions her music evokes. The question is, what emotions does the artist convey to us through her debut album in her lyrics?
Sanah, a new album and singing about love. It’s mostly negative, but…
Songs are all about emotions. Is it necessary to prove this thesis? It’s enough to turn on the first radio. Each song that we hear is a conglomerate of the most different feelings. Music is a transmitter and catalyst of a wide range of emotions. Its creators use this power with more or less premeditation. Not without a reason music critics divide songs into “love songs” and “break-up songs”.
There’s no denying that only those songs that stir the emotions of multiple generations enter the cultural canon. The inspiration to write this short analysis was the noticeably growing popularity of a young singer. We decided to examine with emotion analysis tools the degree of emotional arousal and the intensity of sentiment – negative and positive in the artist’s lyrics. We arranged the songs according to the tracklist of the album “Queen of Dram” (excluding what is instrumental on it). What is striking? Above all, it is the above-average intensity of emotional arousal.
It stays between 55 and 85% throughout the whole album. This is a lot, as 50% is the limit. The chart shows how the arousal develops while listening to the album, we arranged the songs according to the order on the disc on purpose.
The correlation of the emotional arousal of Sanah’s lyrics can be seen mainly in the negative sentiment. The last four songs on the album are basically just negative sentiment. With a bit more positivity we only have to deal with the hits i.e. “Champagne,” “Tears of Me” or “2/10.” It is worth remembering, however, that we have both favorable and unfavorable sentiments in one lyric.
When breaking down the lyrics by emotion, we see that sadness and fear interspersed with emotions related to anticipation dominate throughout the album. An analysis of the specific statements made in Sanah’s lyrics in relation to negative emotions (red, associated with anger, sadness, hurt or unhappiness) and positive emotions (associated with goodness, happiness and beauty) also tells us more. Key words for these extreme attitudes below:
There is an interesting comparison for the songs in terms of the number of words included in Sanah’s lyrics by emotion. We examined how many of them are associated with hurt and unhappiness, and how many with happiness and trust. You can see how mixed the texts are and how many different, often extreme emotions they present. In this case, we helped ourselves with solutions created by Common Language Resources & Technology Infrastructure.
Moving, shrugging. Does emotion produce popularity?
To sum up this short analysis, it is safe to say that no song disappoints the listener and strong emotions emanate from each one. Perhaps that is what is behind Sanah’s popularity. It is no secret that music evokes emotions and is a tool for building popularity. Some songs are listened to to turn up the feeling of falling in love, others are listened to to ease the pain of a breakup… Lyrics, as well as music itself, are perfect for generating and boosting emotions depending on the mood of the audience.
This is actually the first time we have examined song lyrics. So far, we have already analyzed series, movies, commercials, and even internet discussions. All of these have something in common – they are meant to evoke an emotion and then a reaction.
Is this the case with Sanah? We may risk such a thesis, because the strength of a message is measured mainly by how strong its emotions are. Which in the case of the young singer is more than enough. We’ve barely finished writing this text, and Sanah has just handed us another single – “God damn it”. The star’s new album is coming out soon, and you can already listen to Sanah’s new single – 2:00. When is Sanah’s new album – Irenka? Already on May 7.
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